ord count / Assessment time .1,900 words / by 12 Noon Brief IV completed by Miemie Neethling...

Question

ord count / Assessment time

.1,900 words / by 12 Noon

Brief IV completed by

Miemie Neethling Taylor

Learning Outcomes

This assessment covers the following learning outcomes:

1. Critically analyze political violence (including war and terrorism spectrum) within a criminological and theoretical framework

2. Critically reflect on war as an economic system and crimes of the powerful.

3. Critically analyze the relationship between organized crime, violence, corruption and terror networks

4. Critically engage in literature on political violence evaluating knowledge and questioning different ways of thinking

5. Critically explore the limits of criminology in relation to challenges of new and developing concepts of war and terrorism.

Assessment

Essay

1) Theoretically analyse why some people become terrorists. Provide an example.

2) One man’s terrorist is another one’s freedom fighter. Critically analyze.

3) Do you agree or disagree with Kaldor’s ’New War’ thesis? Why or why not? Provide examples.

4) Provide an analysis of how the interests of powerful actors motivate and contribute to perpetual war.

5) The Turkish state denies that genocide took place against the minority Armenian population in the Ottoman Empire in 1915; whilst Armenia and the Armenian Diaspora maintain unilaterally that this genocide indeed took place and 1.5 million Armenians perished as a result. By using the eight stages of genocide, examine the facts of this case. Provide an analysis of events that led up to the deportations and mass killing of Armenians, present your findings and explain your conclusion.

6) By using major theoretical perspectives, Ruggiero analyses both institutional and anti-institutional violence. Select three theoretical perspectives and explain how Ruggiero applied criminological theories of ’common’ violence to the analysis of political violence.

7) If you do not see a question that inspires and motivates you are welcome to formulate your own question, with negotiation with the module convener.

Guidance notes

The essay provides an opportunity for you to demonstrate what you have learned in class (by drawing on a range of material). It also allows you to pursue your own interest by conducting further research on a topic that interests you. So the essay will draw from course material (i.e. the weekly required readings) as well as your own independent research.

Your work will have a clear introduction, overall argument and conclusion. Your essay should not simply summarize reading materials, but needs to incorporate your own analysis and argumentation. Your argument needs to be supported by examples and evidence.

Essay Instructions:

• Essays must be approximately 1,900 words. The word limit does not include bibliography. Key arguments must be developed in the body of the essay.

• The essay must draw from course materials (i.e. required course readings) as well as your own independent research.

• The essay must be properly referenced, using a consistent academic referencing style (e.g. Harvard Style) and must include a bibliography. Please include specific page numbers for all in-text or footnoted references. Failure to properly reference will result in mark deductions and can result in referral to the academic misconduct committee. For further information, see section on ‘Referencing & Good Academic Practice’ below.

• The essay must have a clear introduction, overall argument and conclusion. The essay should not simply summarise reading materials, but needs to incorporate your own critical analysis and argumentation.

• The overall argument needs to be supported by examples and evidence. For general essay writing tips, referencing information and other skills resources please attend all the relevant seminars).

• Essays should be typed and double-spaced. You should include your student enrolment number (the number on your student ID card) on the header or footer of every page. On the cover you must include the name of the module, the title of the essay, and the name of your tutor.

• Essays must be submitted electronically via turnitin. You will receive instructions on how to submit your assignment from your tutor.

Ayan · Accepted Answer

WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT
Table of contents
Why some people become terrorists	3
One man’s terrorist is another one’s freedom fighter	3
Kaldor’s ’New War’ thesis	4
Powerful actors motivate and contribute to perpetual war	5
Minority Armenian population	6
How Ruggiero applied criminological theories of ’common’ violence to the analysis of political violence	7
References	8
Why some people become terrorists
Various motivations and explanations for why people could go to terrorism have also arisen with the rise of various forms of terrorism and various types of terrorists. What drives someone to become a terrorist and why these people choose to violence and terrorism as a type of critical thinking are topics of discussion among scholars today. Psychology, religion, and sociopolitical issues might impact someone's decision to become a terrorist; however, they don't completely make sense of why someone could choose to take part in terrorism. Different elements like bias, retribution, and destitution might set someone on the way to being a terrorist. Terrorist organizations are heterogeneous groups with members from various backgrounds, as Walzer, (2019) featured, and as a result, the process by which they join could change. People have various reasons for getting things done, thus it will be easiest to understand why certain people become terrorists by focusing on a specific nation or area. A terrorist's motivations may not always be the same whether they are from Palestine or Nigeria. It is trying to distinguish the "universal" drivers behind those who are considering joining terrorist organizations, just as it is trying to characterize what constitutes terrorism. Despite the fact that we live in a period where religious impulses give off an impression of being the vital main thrust behind terrorism, the question of whether it is for sure religion or politics ostensibly dressed up as religion continues to be discussed. Eventually, there is nobody street to terrorism, despite the fact that there are similar variables. In any case, because these factors consolidate and cooperate, it is really difficult to distinguish between them while considering a single person.
One man’s terrorist is another one’s freedom fighter
In our universe, there are some concepts or behaviors that are difficult to discuss or categorize. The dangerous school of reasoning that commonly comes before the activity is the reason for this. The meaning of terrorism in the present culture suits this situation rather well. There are essential components that are specific to terrorism, which raises the inquiry: Is one man's terrorist another man's freedom fighter? Discussing some of the basic factors that make characterize terrorism testing, such as the Just War Theory, the possibility of terrorism, and the reasoning of freedom struggle goes further in addressing this. The just war theory is a school of imagined that regulates or directs global struggle (Van sanctum Bos, 2018). As indicated by the conviction, battles must be pursued for a worthwhile motivation instead of just to increase one's money and influence. Understanding warfare and the capability of contentious politics is significant while separating acts of fear from freedom-battling. There are occasions when the methods and strategies used in battle and terrorism are indistinguishable. As per Walzer, the distinction between terrorism and war is the evasion of direct struggle with the opponent. Based on how this distinction is seen, a terrorist assault may be classified as a roundabout type of warfare. This raises concerns about whether military operations are always immediate and, if not, whether those specific operations may also be viewed as acts of terrorism. Thus, it follows that in some circumstances, terrorism is traditional since it serves the needs of the tactical strategy or the political command. A sense of patriotism and self-preservation arises when one imagines a freedom warrior or someone who has battled for freedom. One might contend that the Just cause hypothesis is supported by freedom struggles. While this might be somewhat precise, the opposing side who believes that they did nothing out of sorts is placed in a situation of frenzy (Levinson, 2022). Subsequently, it is reasonable to accept that insight and setting, which exist on the two sides of the wall, are the essential differences between freedom battling, warfare, and terrorism. As was at that point said, it also entails actions like assaulting non-combatants and causing needless harm to infrastructure. The Just Cause Theory, in any case,

ord count / Assessment time .1,900 words / by 12 Noon Brief IV completed by Miemie Neethling Taylor Learning Outcomes This assessment covers the following learning outcomes: 1. Critically analyze...

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