Introduction
Kerala, located on the southwestern coast of India, is a state known for its unique social and economic characteristics. It has gained significant attention due to its high levels of migration and the existence of a large diaspora community a
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Kannan and Hari XXXXXXXXXXhave posited that the gulf connection of Kerala has played a pivotal role in shaping its migration trends and inflow of remittances. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have experienced a significant influx of migrant workers from the state, primarily in the construction and service sectors. According to Sudha and Zachariah (2018), the remittances transmitted by migrant labourers have played a pivotal role in providing financial assistance to their families residing in Kerala. The India Migration Report 2020 by Rajan features a thorough discussion of the Kerala Model of Migration Surveys, which offers extensive analysis of migration trends and the economic effects of remittances in Kerala. The conducted surveys have provided insights into the socioeconomic ramifications of migration and the remittance stream within the region. The inflow of remittances to Kerala has had a noteworthy impact on the state's macroeconomy. The scholarly works of Kannan and Hari XXXXXXXXXXand Sunny, Parida, and Azurudeen XXXXXXXXXXhave investigated the co
elation among remittances, investment, and economic growth in the state of Kerala. The works propose that remittances have made a significant contribution to the economic development of the state and have played a crucial role in promoting investment.
Notwithstanding the favourable impacts, remittances in Kerala are accompanied by certain challenges. Patnaik XXXXXXXXXXunderscores the unacknowledged anticipations of Gulf-based Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) with respect to the ramifications of their remittances on their country of origin. Chakraborty and Bhatia XXXXXXXXXXprovide an analysis of contemporary patterns and prospects of global migration and remittance flows, with a specific emphasis on India. The significance of remittances has been acknowledged by the Government of Kerala, which has taken steps to enable and encourage the transfer of remittances. The Government of Kerala XXXXXXXXXXhas established partnerships with banks and financial institutions to provide remittance services, while also promoting the utilisation of digital channels for remittance transactions. The introductory section presents a synopsis of the theoretical and empirical methodology that will be employed to attain the research objectives.
To sum up, the state of Kerala has been greatly impacted by migration and the existence of a substantial diaspora population overseas, resulting in remittances playing a crucial role in the state's economy. In spite of the favourable consequences of remittances, there exist obstacles encountered by both remitters and recipients during the remittance procedure. The existence of high transfer fees and restricted accessibility to financial services, particularly in rural areas, acts as a ba
ier to the utility and affordability of remittance transactions. This is especially true in the context of rural areas. It is imperative to tackle these obstacles in order to guarantee that the advantages of remittances are accessible to all sectors of society and aid in promoting comprehensive economic development. A mixed-methods approach will be utilised in order to achieve the research objectives. The primary method for data collection will involve the distribution of questionnaires to households located in Kerala. The questionnaires will capture both quantitative and qualitative data pertaining to the impact of remittances. The study will employ suitable models for data analysis to enable a meticulous assessment of the influence of remittances on diverse aspects of household welfare. Moreover, the outcomes of this investigation will be compared with existing secondary research outcomes to furnish a comprehensive comprehension of the function of remittances in the economy of Kerala.
The thesis shall be organised into multiple sections, beginning with the theoretical segment that will furnish an all-encompassing analysis of the extant literature on remittances and their repercussions. The forthcoming section on empirical analysis will showcase the data procured via questionnaires and scrutinise the impact of remittances on the living standards of households. The forthcoming discourse on the findings will scrutinise the ramifications and importance of the outcomes, while tackling the research inquiries that were posited. The concluding section will provide a comprehensive overview of the primary discoveries, propose policy suggestions, and emphasise potential areas for further investigation. The objective is to make a valuable contribution to the expanding knowledge base on the economic and social aspects of remittances in the economy of Kerala.
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Timestamp 1. What is your place of residence in Kerala? (District,) 2. Address 3. What is your age? 4. What is your gender? 5. What is your educational qualification? 6. What is your occupation? 7. Have anyone in your family ever received remittances from someone living a
oad? 8. If yes, who in your household receives the remittances? 9. What is your household’s annual income? 10. What is your household size? 11. What is your household’s occupation? 12. What is your household’s education? 13. What is their place of residence in a
oad? 14. Address 15. Who in your family is involved in migration? 16. Mention the professional status of the remitter? 17. How often do you receive remittances in a year? 18. What is the average amount of remittances you receive in a year in Rupees? 19. What do you primarily use remittances for? 20. How have the remittances you've received impacted your quality of life in terms of accessing education, healthcare, housing, or other development benefits? 21. What specific improvements have you been able to make to your standard of living with the help of remittances? This could include things like access to education, healthcare, housing, or other development benefits. 22. To what extent do you feel that the remittances you've received have improved your financial situation? This could include factors such as your ability to meet your basic needs, save money, access credit or other financial services, or start a business. 23. How are your family members involved in migration? 24. What factors influenced your decision to migrate? 25. What factors influenced your decision to receive/send remittances? 26. What are the challenges you have faced while sending remittances: 27. What are the challenges you have faced while receiving remittances: 28. What methods do you use to send or receive remittances? 29. If Mobile transfers, what kind of mobile applications do you use? 30. How do you stay informed about exchange rates and fees for remittances?
2023/06/18 4:55:00 PM GMT+3 Thrissur Manakkody, Thrissur 18-25 Male Masters Student Yes Parents 6. More than 20,00,000 Four people Family Business Bachelors Czech Republic Brno 1. Myself Employee Monthly 2. 1,00,000 - 2,00,000 Transportation (car payments, gas, public transportation), Clothing and personal items (such as toiletries or household supplies), Savings or investments, Debt repayment (credit card bills, loans, etc.), Gifts or financial support for family members, Entertainment or leisure activities (such as travel, dining out, or ho
ies), Emergency expenses (such as medical bills or unexpected events), Charity or donations to community organizations, Business expenses (such as start-up costs or supplies for a small business), Legal or immigration fees, Taxes or other government fees.;Clothing and personal items (such as toiletries or household supplies);Gifts or financial support for family members, Entertainment or leisure activities (such as travel, dining out, or ho
ies) 2. Moderately improved access to education, healthcare, housing, and development benefits. 1. Access to quality education for oneself or family members.;3. Upgrading or acquiring better housing or living conditions.;7. Access to transportation and mobility options. 2. Moderately improved my financial situation, enabling me to meet most of my basic needs and save some money. 1. Working a
oad temporarily Economic opportunities in the destination country;Education or career opportunities in the destination country;Desire for personal growth or adventure Helping to pay for education or other opportunities for family members;Desire to save money or invest in future opportunities;Cultural expectations or traditions of providing financial support to family members High transaction fees or unfavorable exchange rates;Concerns about the security of the transfer or the safety of the recipient;Difficulty communicating or obtaining information about the transfer process in a language that is not your own. Lengthy processing times or delays in receiving funds.;High transaction fees or unfavorable exchange rates when converting funds to the local cu
ency.;Uncertainty or variability in the amount or timing of remittances received. 3. Mobile money transfers 6. TransferWise Download mobile apps that provide real-time exchange rates and allow you to send or receive money directly from your phone.;Subscribe to alerts or notifications from money transfer services about changes in exchange rates and fees.;Seek recommendations from friends or family members who have experience sending or receiving remittances in a particular location or with a particular service.
2023/07/01 10:31:30 AM GMT+3 Thrissur fdssdfds 26-30 Others Bachelors Student No Siblings 6. More than 20,00,000 Five or more people Sales PhD dsdssd Ju 6. Extended family members Employee Monthly 3. 2,00,000 - 5,00,000 Utilities (electricity, water, gas, internet);Gifts or financial support for family members, Entertainment or leisure activities (such as travel, dining out, or ho
ies);Legal or immigration fees, Taxes or other government fees. 3. Slightly improved access to education, healthcare, housing, and development benefits. 1. Access to quality education for oneself or family members.;4. Investment in income-generating activities or starting a business.;6. Improved nutrition and food security. 3. Slightly improved my financial situation, helping me meet a few basic needs but limited ability to save. 3. Studying a
oad Economic opportunities in the destination country;Better healthcare or living conditions in the destination country;Religious or social persecution in the home country Dependence on remittances for basic needs like food shelter,or healthcare;Helping to pay for education or other opportunities for family members;Supporting a small business or entrepreneurial venture High transaction fees or unfavorable exchange rates;Concerns about the security of the transfer or the safety of the recipient;Limited access to financial services in the home country High transaction fees or unfavorable exchange rates when converting funds to the local cu
ency.;Limited or inaccessible identification documents or paperwork required to receive funds. 1. Bank transfers Use online comparison websites to compare exchange rates and fees.;Download mobile apps that provide real-time exchange rates and allow you to send or receive money directly from your phone.;Check news websites or financial publications to stay updated on exchange rates and global economic trends.
2023/07/01 4:31:04 PM GMT+3 Thiruvananthapuram Gandhi nagar, SN Park, Trivandrum 18-25 Male Bachelors Student Yes Siblings 3. 2,00,000 - 5,00,000 Five or more people Agriculture Senior Secondary School Germany ,Bissingzeile 3, Dageling, Germany 6. Extended family members Employee Half-yearly 2. 1,00,000 - 2,00,000 Savings or investments, Debt repayment (credit card bills, loans, etc.);Emergency expenses (such as medical bills or unexpected events);Legal or immigration fees, Taxes or other government fees. 2. Moderately improved access to education, healthcare, housing, and development benefits. 1. Access to quality education for oneself or family members.;2. Improved healthcare facilities and medical treatment.;4. Investment in income-generating activities or starting a business. 1. Significantly improved my financial situation, allowing me to meet all my basic needs comfortably and save money. 2. Working a
oad permanently Economic opportunities in the destination country;Better healthcare or living conditions in the destination country;Desire for personal growth or adventure Supporting family members who live in another country;Paying off debts or loans Limited options for sending money to the desired location.;Concerns about the security of the transfer or the safety of the recipient Difficulty accessing funds due to limited or inaccessible banking services in the home country.;Lengthy processing times or delays in receiving funds. 3. Mobile money transfers 1. WorldRemit Use online comparison websites to compare exchange rates and fees.;Join social media groups or forums to get information and recommendations from other remittance users.
2023/07/09 9:12:56 AM GMT+3 Thrissur Olari, Thrissur 18-25 Female Bachelors Student Yes Parents 3. 2,00,000 - 5,00,000 Three people Family Business Senior Secondary School Germany Berlin, Germany 4. Siblings Employee Monthly 3. 2,00,000 - 5,00,000 Housing expenses (rent/mortgage payments, home repairs or renovations);Utilities (electricity, water, gas, internet);Emergency expenses (such as medical bills or unexpected events) 2. Moderately improved access to education, healthcare, housing, and development benefits. 1. Access to quality education for oneself or family members.;2. Improved healthcare facilities and medical treatment.;3. Upgrading or acquiring better housing or living conditions. 1. Significantly improved my financial situation, allowing me to meet all my basic needs comfortably and save money. 3. Studying a
oad Economic opportunities in the destination country;Political instability or persecution in the home country;Education or career opportunities in the destination country Need for financial support or assistance;Dependence on remittances for basic needs like food shelter,or healthcare;Supporting family members who live in another country Limited options for sending money to the desired location.;Technical difficulties or system failures with money transfer services;Difficulty communicating or obtaining information about the transfer process in a language that is not your own. Difficulty accessing funds due to limited or inaccessible banking services in the home country.;High transaction fees or unfavorable exchange rates when converting funds to the local cu
ency.;Limited options for receiving funds, such as requiring a bank account or other formal financial services. 3. Mobile money transfers 1. WorldRemit Use online comparison websites to compare exchange rates and fees.;Download mobile apps that provide real-time exchange rates and allow you to send or receive money directly from your phone.;Join social media groups or forums to get information and recommendations from other remittance users.
2023/07/09 10:33:25 AM GMT+3 Thrissur Manakody, Thrissur 18-25 Female Bachelors Student Yes Parents 2. 1,00,000 - 2,00,000 Three people Agriculture Senior Secondary School Germany Berlin, Germany 1. Myself Employee Monthly 2. 1,00,000 - 2,00,000 Housing expenses (rent/mortgage payments, home repairs or renovations);Clothing and personal items (such as toiletries or household supplies);Savings or investments, Debt repayment (credit card bills, loans, etc.) 1. Significantly improved access to education, healthcare, housing, and development benefits. 1. Access to quality education for oneself or family members.;2. Improved healthcare facilities and medical treatment.;4. Investment in income-generating activities or starting a business. 2. Moderately improved my financial situation, enabling me to meet most of my basic needs and save some money. 3. Studying a
oad Economic opportunities in the destination country;Political instability or